The Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) had cautioned farmers in the country, specifically in the Southwest, against rushing out to plant crops with the rains that had fallen in the last few days, as the rains might not last beyond two weeks, perhaps even coming in staggered forms. This is termed pseudo rain, and it could be harmful to human health if consumed. Furthermore, the rains would not have created enough moisture in the soil to ensure effective tillage, either carried out manually or mechanically.
The water needs of arable crops like maize, cowpea, and yam at various growth stages (germination, vegetative growth, flowering, and grain filling) are presented for illustration.
For maize:
– Germination: consistent moisture for seedling emergence
– Vegetative stage: adequate water for leaf growth
– Flowering and grain filling: critical period; water stress can reduce yield
For Cowpea:
– Germination: sufficient moisture for emergence
– Vegetative stage: moderate water
– Flowering and pod filling: adequate water is crucial for yield
For yam:
– Sprouting (0-4 weeks): moderate water; ensure soil is moist for sprout emergence
– Vegetative growth (4-12 weeks): adequate water promotes vine growth and tuber initiation
– Tuber bulking (12-20 weeks): high water demand; ensure consistent moisture for tuber growth
– Maturation (20-24 weeks): reduce water to promote tuber dry matter accumulation
Yams are sensitive to waterlogging, so ensure good drainage.